Yini iLoRaI-WAN?

I-LoRaWAN iyi-Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) ecaciswayo edalelwe amadivayisi angenantambo, asebenza ngebhethri. I-LoRa isivele isetshenziswe ezigidini zezinzwa, ngokusho kwe-LoRa-Alliance. Ezinye zezingxenye eziyinhloko ezisebenza njengesisekelo sokucaciswa ukuxhumana okukabili, ukuhamba kanye nezinsizakalo zendawo.

Indawo eyodwa lapho i-LoRaWAN ihluke kwezinye izici zenethiwekhi ukuthi isebenzisa isakhiwo senkanyezi, ene-node emaphakathi lapho wonke amanye ama-node axhumeke khona futhi amasango asebenza njengebhuloho elibonakalayo elidlulisela imilayezo phakathi kwamadivayisi wokugcina kanye neseva yenethiwekhi emaphakathi ngemuva. Amasango axhunywe kuseva yenethiwekhi ngoxhumo olujwayelekile lwe-IP kuyilapho amadivaysi okugcina asebenzisa ukuxhumana okungenantambo kwe-hop eyodwa esangweni elilodwa noma amaningi. Konke ukuxhumana kwezindawo zokugcina kukabili, futhi kusekela ukusakaza okuningi, okuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe emoyeni. Ngokusho kwe-LoRa-Alliance, inhlangano engenzi nzuzo edale ukucaciswa kwe-LoRaWAN, lokhu kusiza ukulondoloza impilo yebhethri futhi kuzuzwe uxhumano lwebanga elide.

Isango elilodwa elinikwe amandla i-LoRa noma isiteshi esiyisisekelo singamboza wonke amadolobha noma amakhulu wamakhilomitha-skwele. Yebo, ububanzi buncike endaweni yendawo enikeziwe, kodwa i-LoRa ne-LoRaWAN ithi inesabelomali sesixhumanisi, isici esiyinhloko ekunqumeni ububanzi bokuxhumana, obukhulu kunabo bonke obunye ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana obujwayelekile.

Amakilasi ephoyinti lokugcina

I-LoRaWAN inezigaba eziningana ezihlukene zemishini yephoyinti lokugcina ukuze ibhekane nezidingo ezihlukene eziboniswa kuhlelo olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ngokusho kwewebhusayithi yayo, lezi zihlanganisa:

• Amadivayisi okugcina anezindlela ezimbili (Ikilasi A): Amadivayisi okugcina Ekilasi A avumela ukuxhumana okukabili lapho ukuthunyelwa kwe-uplink ngakunye kwedivayisi yokugcina kulandelwa amawindi amabili amafushane amukela izixhumanisi eziphansi. I-slot yokudlulisela ehlelwe idivayisi yokugcina isekelwe ezidingweni zayo zokuxhumana ngokuhluka okuncane okusekelwe kusisekelo sesikhathi esingahleliwe (uhlobo lwe-ALOHA lwephrothokholi). Lokhu kusebenza kweSigaba A isistimu yedivayisi yokuphela yamandla aphansi kakhulu yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga kuphela ukuxhumana kwe-downlink kusuka kuseva ngokushesha ngemva kokuba idivayisi yokugcina ithumele ukudluliswa kwe-uplink. Ukuxhumana kwe-Downlink kusuka kuseva nganoma yisiphi esinye isikhathi kuzomele kulinde kuze kube isixhumanisi esilandelayo esihleliwe.
• Amadivayisi okugcina aqondiswa kabili anezikhala zokwamukela ezihleliwe (Ikilasi B): Ngokungeziwe kumawindi okwamukela okungahleliwe Ekilasi A, amadivayisi Ekilasi B avula amawindi okwamukela okwengeziwe ngezikhathi ezihleliwe. Ukuze I-End-device ivule iwindi layo lokwamukela ngesikhathi esihleliwe ithola iBeacon evumelanisiwe yesikhathi ukusuka esangweni. Lokhu kuvumela iseva ukuthi yazi lapho idivayisi yokugcina ilalele.
• Amadivayisi okugcina aqondiswa kabili anezikhala zokwamukela ezinkulu (Ikilasi C): Amadivayisi okugcina e-Class C acishe avuleke amawindi owamukelayo, avalwa kuphela uma uthumela.