Nakuba amanethiwekhi e-LTE 450 asetshenziswe emazweni amaningi iminyaka eminingi, kube nentshisekelo evuselelwe kuwo njengoba imboni ingena enkathini ye-LTE ne-5G. Ukukhishwa kwe-2G kanye nokufika kwe-Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) nakho kuphakathi kwezimakethe eziqhuba ukwamukelwa kwe-LTE 450.
Isizathu siwukuthi umkhawulokudonsa ozungeze u-450 MHz uzifanelekela kahle izidingo zemishini ye-IoT kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile kumgomo kusukela kumagridi ahlakaniphile kanye nezinsizakalo zokulinganisa ezihlakaniphile kuya ezinhlelweni zokuphepha zomphakathi. Ibhendi engu-450 MHz isekela ubuchwepheshe be-CAT-M ne-Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), futhi izici ezibonakalayo zaleli bhendi zilungele ukumboza izindawo ezinkulu, ezivumela opharetha bamaselula ukuthi banikeze ukumbozwa okugcwele ngendlela engabizi kakhulu. Ake sibhekisise izinzuzo ezihlotshaniswa ne-LTE 450 ne-IoT.
Ukufakwa okugcwele kudinga amadivayisi e-IoT ukuthi ehlise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ukuze uhlale uxhumekile. Ukungena okujulile okunikezwa yi-450MHz LTE kusho ukuthi amadivayisi angaxhumeka kalula kunethiwekhi ngaphandle kokuzama njalo ukusebenzisa amandla.
Umehluko oyinhloko webhendi ye-450 MHz ububanzi bayo obude, okwandisa kakhulu ukumbozwa. Amabhendi amaningi okuhweba e-LTE angaphezulu kwe-1 GHz, futhi amanethiwekhi e-5G afika ku-39 GHz. Amafrikhwensi aphezulu ahlinzeka ngamanani edatha aphezulu, ngakho-ke i-spectrum eyengeziwe yabelwa la mabhendi, kodwa lokhu kuza ngezindleko zokuncishiswa kwesignali ngokushesha, okudinga inethiwekhi eminyene yeziteshi eziyisisekelo.
Ibhendi engu-450 MHz ikwesinye isiphetho se-spectrum. Isibonelo, izwe elilingana ne-Netherlands lingase lidinge izinkulungwane zeziteshi eziyisisekelo ukuze lifinyelele ukusabalala okugcwele kwendawo ye-LTE yokuhweba. Kodwa uhla lwesignali olukhuphukile lwe-450 MHz ludinga kuphela iziteshi eziyisisekelo ezingamakhulu ambalwa ukuze zifinyelele ukumbozwa okufanayo. Ngemuva kwesikhathi eside emthunzini, ibhendi yefrikhwensi ye-450MHz manje isiwumgogodla wokuqapha nokuphatha ingqalasizinda ebalulekile njengama-transformer, ama-transmission node, kanye ne-surveillance meter gateways. Amanethiwekhi angu-450 MHz akhiwe njengamanethiwekhi angasese, avikelwe yizicishamlilo, axhunywe emazweni angaphandle, okuthi ngokwemvelo yawo avikeleke ekuhlaselweni kwe-inthanethi.
Njengoba i-spectrum ye-450 MHz yabelwa opharetha abazimele, izohlinzeka ngokuyinhloko izidingo zabaqhubi bengqalasizinda ababalulekile njengezinsiza nabanikazi benethiwekhi yokusabalalisa. Uhlelo lokusebenza oluyinhloko lapha kuzoba ukuxhumanisa izakhi zenethiwekhi namarutha ahlukahlukene namasango, kanye namasango amamitha ahlakaniphile amaphuzu abalulekile okulinganisa.
Ibhendi ye-400 MHz isetshenziswe kumanethiwekhi omphakathi nawangasese iminyaka eminingi, ikakhulukazi eYurophu. Isibonelo, i-Germany isebenzisa i-CDMA, kuyilapho iNyakatho Yurophu, iBrazil ne-Indonesia zisebenzisa i-LTE. Iziphathimandla zaseJalimane zisanda kunikeza umkhakha wamandla nge-450 MHz ye-spectrum. Umthetho ubeka ukulawulwa kude kwezinto ezibalulekile zegridi yamandla. EJalimane kuphela, izigidi zezinto zenethiwekhi zilinde ukuxhunywa, futhi i-spectrum ye-450 MHz ilungele lokhu. Amanye amazwe azolandela, awathumele ngokushesha.
Ukuxhumana okubalulekile, kanye nengqalasizinda ebalulekile, kuyimakethe ekhulayo eqhubeka ingaphansi kwemithetho njengoba amazwe esebenzela ukunciphisa umthelela wawo kwezemvelo, ukuvikela ukunikezwa kwamandla, nokuvikela ukuphepha kwezakhamizi zawo. Iziphathimandla kumele zikwazi ukuphatha ingqalasizinda ebalulekile, izinsiza eziphuthumayo kumele zixhumanise imisebenzi yazo, futhi izinkampani zamandla kumele zikwazi ukulawula igridi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhula kwezicelo zedolobha elihlakaniphile kudinga amanethiwekhi aqinile ukuze asekele inani elikhulu lezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibucayi. Lokhu akuseyona nje impendulo ephuthumayo. Amanethiwekhi okuxhumana abalulekile ayingqalasizinda esetshenziswa njalo nangokuqhubekayo. Lokhu kudinga izibaluli ze-LTE 450, ezifana nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, ukumbozwa okugcwele, kanye nomkhawulokudonsa we-LTE ukuze kusekelwe ukusakazwa komsindo nevidiyo.
Amakhono e-LTE 450 aziwa kakhulu eYurophu, lapho imboni yamandla inikeze ngempumelelo ukufinyelela okukhethekile kubhendi engu-450 MHz ye-LTE Low Power Communications (LPWA) isebenzisa izwi, izinga le-LTE kanye ne-LTE-M ku-3GPP Release 16 kanye i-narrowband Internet yezinto.
Ibhendi ye-450 MHz ibiyimidondoshiya yezokuxhumana okubalulekile kumishini esikhathini se-2G ne-3G. Kodwa-ke, manje sekunentshisekelo evuselelwe njengoba amabhendi azungeze i-450 MHz asekela i-LTE CAT-M ne-NB-IoT, okuwenza alungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-IoT. Njengoba lokhu kuthunyelwa kuqhubeka, inethiwekhi ye-LTE 450 izonikeza izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ze-IoT kanye namacala okusebenzisa. Ngengqalasizinda ejwayelekile futhi evame ukubakhona, iyinethiwekhi ekahle yokuxhumana okubalulekile kwanamuhla. Iphinde ilingane kahle nekusasa le-5G. Kungakho i-450 MHz ikhanga ukuthunyelwa kwenethiwekhi nezixazululo zokusebenza namuhla.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-08-2022
