I-inthanethi Yezinto ihlanganisa iwebhu yomhlaba wonke yezinto ezixhumene. Ekupheleni kuka-2020, cishe amadivayisi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.1 ayexhunywe kumanethiwekhi endawo ebanzi ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe bamaselula noma be-LPWA. Imakethe ihluke kakhulu futhi ihlukaniswe yaba ama-ecosystem amaningi. Lapha kuzogxila ezinhlelweni ezintathu ezivelele zobuchwepheshe zenethiwekhi ye-IoT yendawo ebanzi - i-3GPP ecosystem yobuchwepheshe bamaselula, i-LPWA technologies LoRa kanye ne-802.15.4 ecosystem.
Umndeni we-3GPP wobuchwepheshe bamaselula usekela i-ecosystem enkulu kunazo zonke endaweni ebanzi ye-IoT networking. I-Berg Insight ilinganisela ukuthi inombolo yomhlaba wonke yababhalisile be-IoT yamaselula ifinyelele ku-1.7 billion ekupheleni konyaka - okuhambisana namaphesenti angu-18.0 abo bonke ababhalisile beselula. Ukuthunyelwa kwaminyaka yonke kwamamojula e-IoT eselula kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti ayi-14.1 ngo-2020 ukuze kufinyelele kumayunithi ayizigidi ezingama-302.7. Ngenkathi ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19 luthinte isidingo ezindaweni eziningi zokufaka izicelo ngo-2020, ukushoda kwama-chip emhlabeni kuzoba nomthelela obanzi emakethe ngo-2021.
Isimo sobuchwepheshe be-IoT samaselula sisesigabeni soshintsho olusheshayo. Intuthuko e-China isheshisa ukushintshela emhlabeni jikelele kubuchwepheshe be-4G LTE ukusuka ku-2G obusabambe isabelo esikhulu sokuthunyelwa kwamamojula ngo-2020. Ukusuka ku-2G kuya ku-4G LTE kwaqala eNyakatho Melika nge-3G njengobuchwepheshe obuphakathi. Isifunda sibone ukutholwa ngokushesha kwe-LTE Cat-1 kusukela ngo-2017 kanye ne-LTE-M eqala ngo-2018 ngesikhathi esifanayo njengoba i-GPRS ne-CDMA ziphela. I-Europe isasele ngokwezinga elikhulu njengemakethe ye-2G, lapho iningi labasebenzisi lihlela ukushona kwelanga kwenethiwekhi ye-2G ngasekupheleni kuka-2025.
Ukuthunyelwa kwemojula ye-NB-IoT esifundeni kwaqala ngo-2019 nakuba amavolumu ahlala emancane. Ukuntuleka kokufakwa kwe-pan-European LTE-M kuze kube manje kunomkhawulo wokwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe esifundeni ngezinga elibanzi. Ukukhishwa kwenethiwekhi ye-LTE-M nokho kuyaqhubeka emazweni amaningi futhi kuzoshayela amanani kusukela ngo-2022. I-China isuka ngokushesha isuka ku-GPRS iye ku-NB-IoT engxenyeni yezimakethe ezinkulu njengoba inkampani yeselula enkulu kunazo zonke ezweni iyeka ukungeza amadivayisi amasha e-2G kunethiwekhi yayo 2020. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kunesidingo esikhulayo samamojula we-LTE Cat-1 asekelwe kuma-chipset asekhaya. Unyaka ka-2020 futhi kwaba unyaka lapho amamojula e-5G aqala ukuthunyelwa ngamavolumu amancane ngokwethulwa kwezimoto ezinikwe amandla i-5G namasango e-IoT.
I-LoRa idlondlobala njengenkundla yokuxhumana yomhlaba wonke yamadivayisi e-IoT. Ngokuka-Semtech, isisekelo esifakiwe semishini ye-LoRa sifinyelele ezigidini ezingu-178 ekuqaleni kuka-2021. Izingxenye zokuqala ezinkulu zokufakwa kwevolumu igesi ehlakaniphile nemitha yamanzi, lapho ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi kwe-LoRa kufana nezidingo zokusebenza kwebhethri impilo ende. I-LoRa iphinde izuze amandla ekusetshenzisweni kwe-IoT yedolobha elikhulu nasendaweni yendawo ukuze kuxhunywe izinzwa ezihlakaniphile zokuxhumana kanye namathuluzi okulandelela emadolobheni, ezimbonini, ezakhiweni zezentengiselwano nasezindlini.
I-Semtech iveze ukuthi ikhiqize ngenani lama-US$88 wezigidi zemali engenayo evela kuma-chips e-LoRa onyakeni wayo wezimali ophela ngoJanuwari 2021 futhi ilindele izinga lokukhula elihlanganisiwe elingamaphesenti angama-40 eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo. I-Berg Insight ilinganisela ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwaminyaka yonke kwamadivayisi we-LoRa bekungamayunithi ayizigidi ezingama-44.3 ngo-2020.
Kuze kube ngu-2025, ukuthunyelwa kwaminyaka yonke kulindeleke ukuthi kukhule ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiwe (CAGR) samaphesenti angama-32.3 ukuze sifinyelele amayunithi ayizigidi eziyi-179.8. Ngenkathi i-China yabalela ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-50 okuthunyelwa okuphelele ngo-2020, ukuthunyelwa kwedivayisi ye-LoRa eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika kulindeleke ukuthi kukhule kube ngamavolumu abalulekile eminyakeni ezayo njengoba ukwamukelwa kukhula emikhakheni yabathengi nezamabhizinisi.
802.15.4 I-WAN iyinkundla yokuxhumana esunguliwe yamanethiwekhi angasese angenawaya angenantambo asetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana ne-smart metering.
Njengoba ibhekene nokuncintisana okukhulayo okuvela kumazinga e-LPWA asafufusa, i-802.15.4 WAN nokho kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngezinga elilinganiselwe eminyakeni ezayo. I-Berg Insight ibikezela ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwamadivayisi we-WAN angu-802.15.4 kuzokhula ku-CAGR yamaphesenti angu-13.2 ukusuka kumayunithi ayizigidi ezingu-13.5 ngo-2020 kuya kumayunithi ayizigidi ezingu-25.1 ngo-2025. Ukulinganisa okuhlakaniphile kulindeleke ukuthi kuhambisane nenqwaba yesidingo.
I-Wi-SUN iyindinganiso ehamba phambili yemboni yamanethiwekhi okulinganisa ugesi ahlakaniphile eNyakatho Melika, nokutholwa kwayo kusabalele engxenyeni ye-Asia-Pacific neLatin America.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-21-2022
